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Proposed Research Problem Statement
Many middle-aged women in America from 40-60’s at some point will develop weight gain especially around their mid- abdominal section that put on further stress on their knee joints. Addressing this common but overlooked women problem can bring about positive outcome in my practice. Phentermine is the very first short term-controlled medication that is FDA approved for anti-obesity, It is effective in short term treatment for weight problem (Tchang, 2021).
The Research Question
My question is “How safe and effective is the Phentermine 30 mg daily if extended for additional 12 weeks after the completing 12 weeks on for women 40-60 years in keeping the weight off at 9-month & 12-month evaluation compared to short 12 weeks on and 12 weeks off”.
Patient: Healthy Middle-aged women between the ages of 40-60’s with obesity
Intervention: Extending phentermine 30mg for total 24 weeks
Comparison: 12 weeks on Phentermine 30mg daily and 12 weeks off
Outcome: Extending Phentermine 30mg for 24 weeks than only 12 weeks is still safe and more effective at keeping the weight loss at 12-month evaluation.
The research question I created for the study is something that I would hope to find the answer for. In other words that research question can put meaning as to why this study is so important (Gray, 2020). In my research, I am going to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the extended (additional 12 weeks) Phentermine 30 mg after completing the first 12 weeks on medication in keeping the weight off for those healthy obese women on the 9-month & 12-month evaluation.
The Hypothesis
The hypothesis is the prediction of what we believe our study would find. In other words, it is the predicted answer to the research questions. It is what I think the research study will find. (Gray, 2020). My Hypothesis is as follows: Extending Phentermine 30mg daily for a total of 24 weeks is safe and effective to cause more than 5% – 10% weight loss at 12 months evaluation compared to short 12 weeks on the medication.
Ethical Consideration
Phentermine is a controlled substance that’s been around to control obesity. It is the first FDA approved drug prescribed for weight loss (Tchang, 2021). It is important to get consent for all the patients who will randomly selected to participate in the research study.
My Research Variables
The dependent variable in my research question is the women’s weight and the independent variable is the length of time, 12 weeks versus extended 24 weeks total on Phentermine 30mg to keep the weight off at 9-month & 12-month evaluation.
Quantitative Methodology: Interventional Designs and Methods
Based on my research question, I will be dealing with numbers such as recording data specifically the height & body weight in pounds or kilos lost or gained at the scheduled evaluation after the intervention including their comparison from the other control group. Quantitative design focuses on hard numbers. Quantitative research is typically used to measure differences between the intervention (24 week on Phentermine) and control group (12 week on Phentermine) and/or relationships between variables as well as to test hypothesis. So, it is more objective in nature and takes a deductive approach (Gray, 2020).
How Does Addressing the Research Problem Positively Change Nursing Practice
We have been aware that obesity is a pandemic and is spreading around the world. Often overlooked, the prevalence of obesity among adults age 40- 60 and older in the United States is associated with several diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and sleep apnea, as well as osteoarthritis, cancer and cognitive impairment (Márquez-Cruz M, 20121) The relationship between obesity and many of these diseases helps explain why obese people often die prematurely. In addition to increased disability, morbidity and mortality, obesity is associated with higher health care costs. Obesity accounts for up to 2.8% of health care expenditure and this figure is expected to increase as the prevalence of obesity increases. (Gill LE, 2017). Therefore, If I incorporate an affordable but effective and safe weight loss management program for my patient with weight problem who is also suffering from current osteoarthritic knee pain, then this intervention can bring positive patient outcome as it brings positive impact on my nursing practice as well.
References
Gill LE, B. S. (2017). Weight Management in Older Adults. Curr Obes Rep, 4(3), 379–388. doi: 10.1007/s13679-015-0161-z
Gray, J. R. (2020). Burns and Grove’s the practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence. (9th, Ed.) Elsevier.
Márquez-Cruz M, K.-G. A.-C.-P.-G.-S.-G. (20121). Three- and six-month efficacy and safety of phentermine in a Mexican obese population. Int J Clin Pharma, 539-548. doi: 10.5414/CP203943. PMID: 34236303; PMCID: PMC8295716.
Tchang BG, A. M. (2021). Pharmacologic Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Endotext (Internet), 0000. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279038/
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Collapse SubdiscussionMiranda Woitalla
Miranda Woitalla
3:36amDec 6 at 3:36am
Main post
Proposed Research Problem
Migraines are a neurovascular pain that can be debilitating for many individuals. Migraines are currently ranked among the top ten disabling conditions worldwide in individuals under 50 years old (Celenay et al., 2023). Migraines are more common in women than men. 13.8% of women and 6.9% of males suffer from migraines (Fernández-de-las-Peñas et al., 2022). There is currently no cure for migraines. Therefore, symptom management is crucial for individuals suffering with migraines. Massage therapy has proven to be an effective treatment to reduce the frequency and intensity of migraines (Happe et al., 2016).
Research Question: Does weekly massage therapy reduce the number of migraines for women ages 30-40 more effectively than monthly massage therapy over a 6-month period?
Patient: Women aged between 30-40
Intervention: Weekly massages
Comparison: Monthly massages
Hypothesis: Weekly massage therapy significantly decreases the number of migraines for women ages 30-40 compared to monthly massage therapy over a 6-month period.
Independent variable: Increasing frequency of massages to weekly vs monthly
Dependent variable: Number of migraines
Ethical Considerations:
One ethical consideration is not all people are comfortable receiving massages from strangers. All aspects of the study should be thoroughly explained to participants and consent should be received.
Research Problem Positive Changing Nursing Practice
Symptom management for migraines, such as massage therapy, can benefit the nursing practice greatly. Migraines/headaches is the leading cause for emergency room visits (Garcia-Azorin et al., 2021). This can put a strain on healthcare providers, especially with the nursing shortage. Emergency departments over the United States are often filled to max capacity as well as inadequate staffing. If we can reduce the number of migraines for individuals, we can decrease emergency room visits. By inducing massage therapy to decrease the number of migraines, it would have a positive effect for nursing practice.
Resources:
Celenay, S. T., Coban, O., Mete, O., & Karahan, N. (2023). An investigation of the effects of connective tissue massage in women with migraine: A controlled clinical trial. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 33, 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2022.09.008Links to an external site.
Fernández-de-las-Peñas, C., Florencio, L. L., Varol, U., Pareja, J. A., Ordás-Bandera, C., & Valera-Calero, J. A. (2022). Network analysis reveals that headache-related, psychological and psycho–physical outcomes represent different aspects in women with migraine. Diagnostics, 12(10), 2318. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102318Links to an external site.
García-Azorín, D., Abelaira-Freire, J., Rodriguez-Adrada, E., González-García, N., Planchuelo-Gómez, Á., Guerrero, Á. L., Porta-Etessam, J., & Martín-Sánchez, F. J. (2021). Temporal distribution of emergency room visits in patients with migraine and other headaches. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 21(5), 599–605. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2021.1906222
Happe, S., Peikert, A., Siegert, R., & Evers, S. (2016). The efficacy of lymphatic drainage and traditional massage in the prophylaxis of Migraine: A randomized, controlled parallel group study. Neurological Sciences, 37(10), 1627–1632. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-016-2645-3
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